Biocontrol mechanisms of endophytic fungi

Abstract Background Scientific approaches into modern agricultural systems, as opposed to the use of synthetic pesticides in food production, became important by exploring endophytic fungi capable protecting plants against pathogens for maximum crop productivity. Main body Diverse microbes colonizing internal tissue exhibit beneficial and pathological effects on plants. The assisted control pathogenic due their ability directly or indirectly promote plant health. Inefficient practices environmental factors contribute disease emergence Endophytic employed diverse mechanisms phytopathogen activating inducing resistance through gene expression, synthesis fungi-derived metabolite compounds, hormonal signaling molecules. mutual coexistence between host remains an mechanism suppression. An in-depth understanding selection interaction are managing challenges associated with endophyte biocontrol mechanisms. Conclusion Research findings bioinoculants advancing, antibiosis action agents (BCAs) can, however, be explored integrated management. Therefore, this review, was highlighted.